It is estimated that approximately 50,000 people suffer strokes in Canada each year. Knowing the first signs of a stroke can make a significant difference in the outcome. Learn the signs and symptoms of a stroke and what you can do.
Types of Strokes
Ischemic Stroke
Most strokes are caused by a blockage or clot in a blood vessel in your brain, called an ischemic stroke. The blockage may be caused when plaque builds up on the inside wall of an artery. “The blockage or clot grows as blood cells and fat cells stick to the plaque. Gradually, it grows big enough to block normal blood flow.” The blockage or clot may form in an artery in your brain, or it can form in another artery and travel to your brain.
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) is caused by a small clot that briefly blocks an artery. Symptoms may disappear within 24 hours or as quickly as one hour. Since a TIA can be a warning sign of a future stroke, they need to be taken seriously, and you should call 9-1-1 at the onset of symptoms.
Hemorrhagic stroke
A hemorrhagic stroke occurs when an artery in the brain breaks open. “The interrupted blood flow can cause brain cells to die leading to injury to the brain.” One of the main causes of hemorrhagic stroke is high blood pressure. When weak spots in the arteries stretch too far, they eventually burst.
Signs of Stroke
Knowing the signs of stroke is important, as time is imperative if someone is experiencing symptoms. Call for medical assistance right away.
The FAST signs are the most common signs of a stroke, and are symptoms that are more likely to be caused by stroke.
- Face: Is it drooping?
- Arms: Can you lift both?
- Speech: Is it slurred or jumbled?
- Time: Call 9-1-1
Some signs of stroke are less common, and can include:
- Blurred or double vison
- Sudden and severe headache (typically combined with other common signs)
- Numbness (usually on one side)
- Issues with balance
Stroke Prevention
Prevention is important, and this can start with knowing your risk of stroke. “Nine in ten Canadians have at least one risk factor for stroke or heart disease. Almost 80% of premature stroke and heart disease can be prevented through healthy behaviors.”
While some things such as age, heritage, and family medical history can’t be controlled, you can reduce your risk of stroke through healthy eating, staying active, and living smoke free.